Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
The demographic transition is a process which involves the movement from high birth and death rates to low values and from high population growth rates to a relatively stable dynamic of population. If in the countries of Western Europe this pattern can be seen easily, the question is how the demographic transition phenomenon manifests in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Specialized studies advance the hypothesis of a common pattern of evolution for these countries and propose that their entry into a crisis phase of demographic transition, mainly due to socio-economic and political conditions after 1990. In this paper, we propose to analyze the determinants of demographic transition process from 10 countries of Central and Eastern European region and advance the hypothesis that the so-called crisis of demographic transition is first an extension of the demographic trends of the period before 1990. Continuing the same trend in the next 20 years betrays a lack of reaction of these countries with consistent and stable demographic policies like the Western countries� model....
The Political economy of a country is influenced by the economic philosophy and political ideology of the leadership. Evidence suggests a positive relationship between a country�s economic development and the macroeconomic environment. For instance, the impact of macroeconomic policies adopted upon political emancipation in South Africa has been questionable. With a neoliberal undertone, the policy�s prevision to attract long-term foreign capital, which was expected to drive economic growth and generate employment, has proven to be over-ambitious. Research was done on the perception of the policymakers and investors on the effectiveness of the policy initiatives on capital inflow and socio-economic variables. Using descriptive statistics, the research suggests that the current policies need to be reformed to achieve socio-economic peacefulness, which is essential to creating an investor-friendly environment. Increasing social unrest in the country makes it vital to formulate policies that are capable of improving the country�s investment competitiveness. If unchanged, the current socio-economic ills that have generated a series of uprisings may become unmanageable, thereby precipitating political instability....
Economic growth is one of the most important macroeconomic targets, due to its relatively important effects on the other macroeconomic variables. Among many others, productivity of labor, accumulation of capital, technological improvements, enhancement of human capital, existence of natural resources are considered to be the most important factors affecting economic growth. In this study, the effect of energy usage on industrial production is examined. The contribution of energy on industrial production is beyond any dispute. The use of energy is impulsive for technological improvement and the most important component of the increase in labor productivity. Machines and capital equipments can not be made use of, unless necessary energy input is obtained. In this paper, the relationship between energy consumption of industry and economic growth for 1970 to 2010 period in Turkey is examined using regression analysis....
Applying the exponential GARCH model and based on a quarterly sample during 1998. Q1-2011.Q2, we find that the Argentine stock market index is positively associated with real GDP, the ratio of M2 money supply to GDP, the peso/USD exchange rate and the U.S. stock market index. It is negatively influenced by the money market rate, government spending as a percent of GDP and the inflation rate. Hence, a strong domestic economy, a lower interest rate, an increased money supply as a percent of GDP, lower government spending as a percent of GDP, depreciation of the Argentine peso, a lower inflation rate, or a robust U.S. stock market would help the Argentine stock market....
The structural changes that occurred in Romania after 1990 generated significant socio-economic disparities. The North-East region stands out from the other regions through a reduced level of economic development, but with an important occupation potential. In this paper, the researchers will estimate the Cobb-Douglas type production function using the data registered for the North-East region, and they will model from an econometric point of view an important factor of the labour market; namely, labour force participation rate....
This study investigates the link between ethnic minority directors and agency conflict in Sri Lankan listed companies during a global financial crisis. Due to social and economic pressures in recent decades, ethnic minorities now make up a larger proportion of directors on corporate boards in Sri Lanka. In addition, the global financial crisis has increased demand for boards to strengthen their ethnic diversity in workplaces. This study shows that while Sri Lankan boards increased the number of ethnic minority directors during the global financial crisis, heterogeneous boards increased company agency costs. This evidence provides insights for governments and policy makers as they consider board ethnic diversification in an emerging and highly uncertain environment....
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